Sample Size (N) Determination for Speed Studies
N = S2 x z2 (2 + U2)
2 x E2
Souce
Iterate if necessary S = Estimated Sample Standard Deviation (Start with 5.3 mph)
Table 2.6 in Book z = Standard Normal Deviate = 1.96 for 95% Confidence
Table 2.7 in Book U = Constant = 1.04 (for 85th% Speed)
Usually between 1 and 5 mph E = Permitted Error (Start with 3.0 mph)
N = 5.32 x 1.962 (2 + 1.042) = 18
2 x 3.02
We collect 40 speeds to be safe and then calculate the true sample standard deviation
Let's say the result is 6.7 mph.  Since 6.7 > 5.3, we must recalculate N
N = 6.72 x 1.962 (2 + 1.042) = 30
2 x 3.02
Since 30 < 40 we can stop and calculate speed summary information (mean, 85th%, etc.)
Jeffrey Buckholz, P.E. - University of North Florida - TTE 4004